Abo bathanda ukutshaya icuba kufuneka baqhelane nokupakishwa kwe-cellophane kwangaphambili.Ngaphandle kweecigars zaseCuban ngaphambi kwe-1992, eyayingenalo iphepha lokupakisha, ezininzi iicigars namhlanje zipakishwe kwizinto zokupakisha ezicacileyo.Kodwa yintoni kanye i-cellophane kwaye kutheni ithandwa kangaka?
Ngomnyaka we-1910, usokhemisti waseSwitzerland uJacques Brandenberger waba nguvulindlela kwi-cellophane eyadibana nemigangatho yokhuseleko lokutya kwaye yafumana udumo olukhulu kwishishini lokupakisha lelekese kunye neemveliso zecuba.Ipakethe yokuqala ye-cellophane cigar yazalwa eTampa, eFlorida ngo-1927, kwaye amanye amazwe alandela ngokukhawuleza.ECuba, kude kube ngoo-1990, uninzi lwezixhobo zokupakisha isiga apho zenziwe nge-cellophane.Ukuhla kwe-cellophane namhlanje kubangelwa iindleko eziphezulu zokuvelisa kunye nokufumaneka kwezinto zokwenza izinto ezenziwe kwioli yamaminerali, kodwa ukugcinwa komgangatho wayo yinto yokuqala yokukhetha ukupakishwa kwe-cigar.
Iphepha elimenyezelayo elimelana nobushushu obuphezulu liye laba sisizukulwana esitsha sezinto zokupheka, ezibangela isaqhwithi sokupheka "iphepha elikhazimlisiweyo" kwishishini lokutya laseYurophu!Iphepha elikhazimlisiweyo elicacileyo ngokupheleleyo linokubona ngokuthe ngqo utshintsho kwinkqubo yokupheka yokutya, ukuvumela umpheki ukuba ahlengahlengise ixesha kunye nobushushu ngexesha elifanelekileyo, egcina isondlo kunye nencasa yokutya, ngelixa ekwabonelela abatyeleli ngamava abonakalayo ahlaziyayo!
Bilisa iphepha elikhazimlayo kwiqondo lobushushu eliphezulu!Umpheki usebenzisa i-Italian Carta Fata i-premium yokupheka iphepha elinokumelana namaqondo okushisa aphezulu angama-230 ° C kwaye anokupheka ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo.Izithako ezitsha ezifana nelobster kunye noononkala zisongelwe kuyo ukuze kuphekwe ukutya okunempilo, ngelixa zigcina ukutsha kunye nesondlo sezithako.Le yindlela yokupheka entsha engenakuphoswa.
I-Cellophane, ekwabizwa ngokuba yifilimu ye-cellophane, yifilimu ebhityileyo eyenziwe yindlela yokuncamathelisa usebenzisa iintsinga zendalo ezinje ngepulp yomqhaphu kunye nentlaka yeplanga njengezinto ezikrwada.Ayibonakali, ayinatyhefu, kwaye ayinavumba.
Ikhonkco le-molecular ine-micro permeability emangalisayo, evumela ukuba imveliso iphefumle njengeqanda ngokusebenzisa i-micropores kwi-eggshell, enenzuzo kakhulu ekugcinweni kunye nomsebenzi wemveliso;Ukuchasana okunamandla kwi-oyile, i-alkaline, kunye ne-organic solvents;Ayivelisi umbane omileyo kwaye ayizifunxi uthuli ngokwayo;Yenziwe ngemicu yendalo, inokufunxa amanzi kwinkunkuma kwaye ibole ngaphandle kokubangela ukungcoliseka kwendalo.Isetyenziswa kakhulu njengephepha le-lining lempahla kunye nephepha lokupakisha lokuhombisa.Ukucaca kwayo kwenza ukuba ingaphakathi lemveliso icace ngokujonga nje, kwaye ikwanayo neempawu ezifana nokuchasana nokufuma, ukunganyangeki, ukuphefumla, kunye nokutywinwa kobushushu, ukubonelela ngokhuseleko oluhle kwimveliso.Xa kuthelekiswa nefilimu yeplastiki eqhelekileyo, ineengenelo ezifana nokungabi nambane ongatshintshiyo, ukuthintela uthuli, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokujija.Iphepha leglasi linokuba mhlophe, linemibala, njl.
I-Cellophane ihlaziywa i-cellulose, kwaye kukho ukuphefumla okumangalisayo phakathi kwamaqela ayo eemolekyuli, enenzuzo kakhulu ekugcinweni kwempahla.Ayikwazi ukumelana nomlilo kodwa iyamelana nobushushu, kwaye inokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu obuyi 190 ℃ ngaphandle koguquko.Ingasetyenziselwa ukupakishwa kokutya kubushushu obuphezulu bokubulala iintsholongwane kunye nokutya.Ukongeza, njengoko izinto eziluhlaza ze-cellophane zivela kwindalo, zinokubola okunamandla
Ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-cellulite.Ifilimu ye-cellulose ehlaziyiweyo kunye nokucaca okuphezulu kunye nokukhanya.Kukho iphepha elisicaba kunye nephepha lewebhu.Ubungakanani 30-60g/㎡.Ayinambala, inokudaywa ngemibala eyahlukeneyo.Iphepha lithambile, liyabonakala kwaye ligudileyo, alinabhobhozo, liyaphefumla, liyakwazi ukumelana neoli kunye namanzi.Ukuqina okuphakathi.Inamandla okuqina alungileyo, ukumenyezela, kunye nokuprintwa.Indlela yokuvelisa ihluke kwi-papermaking kwaye ifana nenkqubo ye-silk yokwenziwa.Yamkela i-alpha-Icwecwe i-pulp yemithi yeekhemikhali okanye i-cotton linter i-pulp enyityilisiweyo enomxholo ophezulu we-cellulose isetyenziswa njengezinto eziluhlaza ukulungiselela i-alkaline cellulose nge-alkalization (18% ye-sodium hydroxide), ukucinezela, ukutyumza, kunye nezinye iinkqubo.Emva kokuguga, i-carbon disulfide yongezwa kwi-yellowed cellulose xanthate, echithwa kwisisombululo se-sodium hydroxide ukuvelisa i-orange cellulose adhesive.I-adhesive ivuthwa kwiqondo lobushushu le-20-30 ℃, ihluzwe ukususa ukungcola kunye namaqamza, kwaye emva koko ikhutshwe ngesithuba esincinci kumatshini wokutsala ifilimu.Iqukuqela kwibhafu ye-coagulation ye-sulfuric acid kunye ne-sodium sulfate umxube ukwenza ifilimu ebhityileyo (ifilimu ye-cellulose ehlaziyiweyo), ethi emva koko ihlanjwe, ikhutshwe, ifakwe i-bleached, i-desalinated, kunye neplastiki (i-glycerol kunye ne-ethylene glycol, njl.), kwaye ekugqibeleni yomiswe. ukuvelisa.Isetyenziselwa ukupakisha iimpahla ezifana neziyobisi, ukutya, icuba, amalaphu, izinto zokuthambisa, izixhobo ezichanekileyo, njl.
Ukutshintsha koxinzelelo lwephepha leglasi kuchaphazela ukwanda kwefilimu ngexesha lenkqubo yokushicilela.Ngaphakathi koluhlu oluvumelekileyo lwamandla, ukunyuka kwanda ngokunyuka koxinzelelo, okwenza kube nzima ukufezekisa ukuchaneka kombala wokushicilela.Uxinzelelo lunokulungelelaniswa ngokusekelwe kuhlobo lwe-substrate material kunye nokunyuka kwayo.Umzekelo, ukuba ulwandiso lwefilimu ye-PE lukhulu kakhulu, ixabiso loxinzelelo kufuneka libe lincinci;Kwiphepha, i-PET, i-OPP, kunye nezinye iifilimu zeplastiki ezinamazinga aphantsi okwandisa, ukuxinana kunokwandiswa ngokufanelekileyo.Umphezulu ugudile kwaye awunama-pores, kwaye umaleko we-inki awulungiswanga lula okanye awuqini.Emva kokuba ukuprintwa kombala wokuqala kugqityiwe, kulula ukuxinzeliswa yi-inki ukusuka kumbala olandelayo ongaphezulu, obangela iipateni ezingaphelelanga kunye nokubhaliweyo, okubangela iziphene;
Emva kokupakisha izinto ngayo, inokuthintela umhlwa, ukufuma nongcoliso.Kodwa i-cellophane nayo inezithintelo: amandla aphezulu e-longitudinal, amandla aphantsi anqamlezayo, amandla amabi okukrazuka, kunye nokuqhekeka okuncinci kunokophuka ngokulula.Iphepha leglasi nalo line-hydrophilicity, liyakwazi ukufunxa amanzi.Xa kuziwa kumanzi, ihlala ibambelela, kwaye xa ifika ekushiseni, amaphepha ephepha ahlanganiswe ngokulula kwiibhloko.Iimpawu ze-cellophane ziphezulu elubala, i-glossiness enamandla, kunye nombala oqaqambileyo emva kokushicilela imifanekiso kunye neetekisi, ezingenako ukufezekiswa ngeefilimu zeplastiki;Ukuguquguquka okuhle kokuprinta, ngaphandle konyango ngaphambi kokuprintwa, kunye nephepha leglasi likwanokusebenza konyango oluchasayo, okungekho lula ukubhengeza uthuli kwaye uphephe iimpazamo zokushicilela ezifana nomfanekiso kunye nokuncamathela okubhaliweyo.Nangona kunjalo, ukuxhathisa ukufuma kwayo akubi, kwaye ifilimu ithanda ukuguqulwa ngenxa yeqondo lokushisa kunye nokufuma, okubangela ukubhaliswa nzima kwemifanekiso kunye nesicatshulwa ngexesha lokushicilela.
Itshokholethi ekuphela kwayo eyisikweri yehlabathi yazalwa ngokusesikweni.UClara Ritter ucebise ukuvelisa uhlobo lwetshokolethi olunokuthi lufakwe kwijacket yezemidlalo ngaphandle kokunciphisa ubunzima.Esi siphakamiso ngokukhawuleza safumana ukuqatshelwa kwintsapho.Olu hlobo lwetshokholethi lubizwa ngokuba yi "Rhett's Sports Chocolate" kuba ingena kakuhle kwimpahla yezemidlalo yamadoda.
Ngo-1939, kwabakho udushe eWaldenburg.
Ngexesha leMfazwe yeHlabathi yesiBini, isikali sokuveliswa kwetshokholethi siye sehla kancinci kwaye sayeka ukuvelisa ngo-1940.
Ngowe-1946, babuya!
Umzi-mveliso wetshokolethi waseAlfred Ritter uyaqhubeka nokuvelisa iilekese ezahlukeneyo ezingezizo ikokoko.
Ngowe-1960, ukoyisa izikwere ezincinci zaseMzantsi Jamani.
UAlfred Otto Ritter uthathe isigqibo sokugxila kwishishini lenkampani kwiityhubhu zetshokholethi.Uninzi lwezinye iimveliso ezinje ngeelekese zeholide, iibhloko zetshokholethi ezinde, kunye neetshokholethi zomlinganiswa ongenanto ziyayekwa kancinci kancinci.Kwaye waseka ngempumelelo uphawu lweRitter Sport.Ngelo xesha, itshokolethi entsha yesikweri yayisongelwe kwiphepha le-cellophane elinombala wetshokholethi, kunye nelogo yeRitter Sport ephawulwe ngokucacileyo kuyo.
Ngowe-1970, iidayimani ezincinane zasasazwa kulo lonke elaseJamani.
Lo nyaka ngowona ubalulekileyo kweli shishini losapho, njengoko sele lisaziwa luluntu lonke lwaseJamani.I-Ritter Sport izisa itshokolethi enencasa yeyogathi engazange ibonwe ngaphambili - itshokholethi yokuqala eJamani equlathe iyogathi.Kwangaxeshanye, izibhengezo zikamabonwakude ezasasazwa kulo lonke elo lizwe zazingazange zenzeke eJamani ngelo xesha.Le ntengiso yala maxesha, eyonwabisayo, neyodwa, kunye nesiqubulo esithi 'Itshokholethi egqibeleleyo isikweri', igxininisa ukohluka kweRitter Sport.
1) Cellophane
I-Cellophane yifilimu yeselulosi ecace kakhulu kwaye ecwebezelayo, eyayifudula isaziwa ngokuba yi-cellophane, neluguqulelo lwe-English cellophane.Luhlobo lwephepha elisetyenziselwa ukupakisha iimpahla, eziyinxalenye yephepha lokupakisha.Nceda uqaphele ukuba kukho igama elibizwa ngokuba yi-celluloid, elingelilo iphepha, kodwa iplastiki ye-nitrocellulose (impahla ekrwada yokwenza iibhola zentenetya zetafile).I-Celluloid yinguqulelo yesiNgesi ye-celluloid.Musa ukubhida zombini.
Ubuninzi be-cellophane ngokuqhelekileyo yi-30-60g / m2.Zimbini iindidi zephepha: iphepha elisicaba kunye nephepha lewebhu.Ngokuqhelekileyo iphepha elicekethekileyo elingenambala, elicacileyo, neligudileyo, elingenazibhobhozo, aliphefumli, alikwazi kugqobhoza ioli, kwaye alinamanzi;Ukuba nomlinganiselo othile wokuqina;Inamandla okuqina alungileyo, ukumenyezela, kunye nokuprintwa.Isenokudaywa ngemibala eyahlukeneyo (obomvu, tyheli, njl.njl.).
I-Cellophane iphinda ihlaziywe i-cellulose, kwaye izikhewu phakathi kwamaqela ayo eemolekyuli zinokuphefumla okumangalisayo, okuluncedo ekukhuseleni nasekugcinweni kwempahla.Ayikwazi ukumelana nomlilo, kodwa iyamelana nobushushu kwaye inokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu obuyi 190 ℃ ngaphandle koguquko.Ingasetyenziselwa ukupakishwa kokutya kubushushu obuphezulu bokubulala iintsholongwane kunye nokutya.Ngenxa yemvelaphi yayo yendalo, i-cellophane inokubola okuqinileyo kunye nefuthe elincinci kokusingqongileyo.
Iphepha leglasi elisetyenzisiweyo α- Icwecwe lemichiza yenkuni okanye i-cotton linter i-pulp enyityilisiweyo enomxholo ophezulu we-cellulose isetyenziswa njengezinto ezibonakalayo, kwaye i-alkali cellulose ilungiswa nge-alkalization (18% ye-sodium hydroxide), ukucinezela, ukutyumza, kunye nezinye iinkqubo.Emva kokuguga, i-carbon disulfide yongezwa kwityheli kwi-cellulose xanthate, echithwa kwisisombululo se-sodium hydroxide ukuvelisa i-orenji cellulose adhesive.I-adhesive ivuthwa kwiqondo lobushushu le-20-30 ℃, ihluzwe ukususa ukungcola kunye namaqamza, kwaye emva koko ikhutshwe ngesithuba esincinci kumatshini wokutsala ifilimu.Iqukuqela kwibhafu ye-coagulation ye-sulfuric acid kunye ne-sodium sulfate umxube ukwenza ifilimu ebhityileyo (ifilimu ye-cellulose ehlaziyiweyo), ethi emva koko ihlanjwe, ikhutshwe, ifakwe i-bleached, i-desalinated, kunye neplastiki (i-glycerol kunye ne-ethylene glycol, njl.), kwaye ekugqibeleni yomiswe. ukuvelisa.
2) Iphepha lefiber yeglasi
Iphepha le-Glass fiber liphepha lemizi-mveliso elidla ngokusetyenziswa njengezinto zokucoca, izinto ezifunxa isandi, imathiriyeli yokugquma, imathiriyeli yombane, njl. njl , kunye nokuzinza okuhle kwe-dimensional.
Olu hlobo lwephepha lunomahluko othile kukwenziwa kwephepha eliqhelekileyo, njengoko lisebenzisa i-100% ifayibha yeglasi (ubukhulu becala yenziwe nge-silica, enobubanzi obuyi-0.3-0.5) μ Lenziwe ngokubetha kancinci, ngokufaka incamathelisa, okanye ngokufaka ipulp yeekhemikhali zomthi. kumatshini wephepha elide lewebhu okanye umatshini wephepha lewebhu elijikelezayo.Unokongeza i-silicone okanye i-alumina ye-colloidal ukuphucula amandla ephepha.
Inkqubo yokuveliswa kwephepha leglasi lefiber (okanye iphepha lokucoca umoya weglasi) lilula xa lithelekiswa nenkqubo yokwenza iphepha ngokubanzi.Ngenxa yokuba i-fiberglass ayifuni ukubetha, kufuneka ihlakazwe kuphela.Kwaye akukho mfuneko yokucinezela xa usenza iikopi.Iinkqubo ezincitshisiweyo kunye namandla agciniweyo.
Inkqubo yokuhamba ihamba ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: fiberglass → dispersion → itanki yokugcina uludaka → impompo eludaka → itanki yokuxuba yangaphambili → ibhokisi yokuxuba → itreyi yegrit → itanki yokugungxula eludaka → impompo eludaka → ibhokisi yokuzinzisa → ibhokisi yokuqukuqela → indawo enemesh → igumbi lokomisa → ukubhijela → ukuslitting kunye nokupakishwa
Cellophane fim is EN13432 industry compostable and OK home compostable , feel free to discuss via williamchan@yitolibrary.com
Ifilimu yaseCellophane-HuiZhou YITO Packaging Co., Ltd.
Ixesha lokuposa: Sep-22-2023