Intshayelelo kwiLogo nganye yeSatifikethi seBiodegradation

Iingxaki zendalo ezibangelwa kukulahlwa okungafanelekanga kweeplastiki ezilahlwayo ziye zavela kakhulu, kwaye ziye zaba ngumba oshushu wenkxalabo yehlabathi. Xa kuthelekiswa neeplastiki eziqhelekileyo, olona phawu lukhulu lweeplastiki ezinokubola kukuba zinokonakaliswa ngokukhawuleza zibe ngamanzi angenabungozi kokusingqongileyo kunye nekharbhon dayoksayidi phantsi kweemeko zendalo okanye iimeko zomgquba, kwaye zinokusetyenziswa njengezinto ezilahlwayo ezithatha indawo yeplastiki kwizinto ezingaphinda zisetyenziswe nezinongcoliseko, nto leyo ebaluleke kakhulu ekuphuculeni okusingqongileyo kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wobomi.

Okwangoku, iimveliso ezininzi kwiimarike ziprintwa okanye zibhalwe "ezinokonakala", "i-biodegradable", kwaye namhlanje siya kukuthatha ukuba uqonde ukuleyibhile kunye nokuqinisekiswa kweeplastiki ze-biodegradable.

Ukwenziwa komgquba kwimizi-mveliso

1.Japan BioPlastics Association

Owayesakuba yi-Biodegradable Plastics Society, eJapan (BPS) iguqule igama laba yiJapan BioPlastics Association (JBPA) ngomhla we-15 kaJuni 2007. I-Japan BioPlastics Association (JBPA) yasekwa ngo-1989 eJapan njengegama le-Biodegradable Plastics Society, eJapan (BPS). Ukususela ngoko, ngaphezu kweenkampani zamalungu e-200, i-JBPA yenza imizamo emininzi yokukhuthaza ukuqatshelwa kunye nophuhliso lwezoshishino lwe "Biodegradable Plastics" kunye ne "Biomas-based Plastics" eJapan. I-JBPA igcina isiseko sentsebenziswano esondeleyo kunye ne-US (BPI), i-EU (i-European Bioplastics) , i-China (i-BMG) kunye ne-Korea kwaye iqhubeka nengxoxo kunye nabo malunga nezinto ezahlukeneyo zobuchwepheshe, ezifana nendlela yokuHlalutya yokuvavanya ukubola kwezinto eziphilayo, ukuchazwa kweemveliso, ukuqaphela kunye nenkqubo yokubhala njalo njalo.

2.Biodegradable Product Institute

I-BPI ligunya elikhokelayo kwiimveliso ezixutywayo kunye nokupakishwa eMntla Melika. Zonke iimveliso eziqinisekiswe yi-BPI zihlangabezana nemigangatho ye-ASTM yokuvundisa, zixhomekeke kwiikhrayitheriya zokufaneleka malunga noqhagamshelo lokutya okulahliweyo kunye nokucuthwa kweeyadi, ukuhlangabezana nemida ye-fluorine iyonke (PFAS), kwaye kufuneka ibonise uphawu lweSatifikethi se-BPI. Inkqubo yoqinisekiso lwe-BPI isebenza ngokubambisana nemfundo kunye neenzame zokwazisa eziyilelwe ukunceda ukugcina amaqhekeza okutya kunye nezinye izinto eziphilayo ngaphandle kokulahla inkunkuma.

I-BPI iququzelelwa njengombutho osekwe kwilungu elingenzi nzuzo, ilawulwa yiBhodi yabaLawuli, kwaye iqhutywa ngabasebenzi abazinikeleyo abasebenza kwii-ofisi zasekhaya kulo lonke elase-United States.

3.Deutsches Institut für Normung

I-DIN ligunya lokubeka emgangathweni elivunyiweyo nguRhulumente waseJamani kwaye limele iJamani kumaqumrhu akumgangatho ongekho phantsi korhulumente wengingqi kunye namazwe ngamazwe aphuhlisa kwaye apapashe imigangatho yaseJamani kunye nezinye iziphumo zokubeka emgangathweni kunye nokukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kwazo. Imigangatho ephuhliswe yi-DIN igubungela phantse yonke indawo efana nobunjineli bokwakha, imigodi, isinyithi, imboni yeekhemikhali, ubunjineli bombane, iteknoloji yokhuseleko, ukukhuselwa kwendalo, impilo, ukukhuselwa komlilo, ukuthutha, ukugcinwa kwendlu njalo njalo. Ekupheleni kowe-1998, kuye kwaphuhliswa imigangatho engama-25 000 kwaza kwakhutshwa imigangatho emalunga ne-1 500 nyaka ngamnye. Ngaphezu kwe-80% yazo yamkelwe ngamazwe aseYurophu.

I-DIN yajoyina i-International Organization for Standardization kwi-1951. I-German Electrotechnical Commission (DKE), eyenziwa ngokubambisana ne-DIN kunye ne-German Institute of Electrical Engineers (VDE), imele iJamani kwi-International Electrotechnical Commission. I-DIN ikwayiKomiti yaseYurophu yokuMisela uMgangatho kunye neMigangatho yoMbane yaseYurophu.

4.I-Bioplastics yaseYurophu

I-Deutsches Institut für Normung (DIN) kunye ne-European Bioplastics (EUBP) ziphehlelele isikimu sesatifikethi semathiriyeli enokubola, eyaziwa ngokuba sisiqinisekiso selogo yeSeedling. Uqinisekiso lusekwe kwimigangatho ye-EN 13432 kunye ne-ASTM D6400 yezinto ezinje ngemathiriyeli ekrwada, izongezo kunye nabaphakathi ngokubhaliswa kovavanyo, kunye neemveliso ngendlela yoqinisekiso. Izixhobo kunye neemveliso ezibhalisiweyo neziqinisekisiweyo zingafumana amanqaku esatifikethi.

5.I-Australasian Bioplastics Association

I-ABA izinikele ekukhuthazeni iiplastiki ezinokuvundiswa kwaye zisekelwe kwimithombo ehlaziyiweyo.

I-ABA ilawula isikimu sokuqinisekisa ngokuzithandela, kwiinkampani okanye abantu abanqwenela ukuba namabango abo okuthotyelwa kwe-Australian Standard 4736-2006, iiplastiki ze-biodegradable - "Iiplastiki ze-biodegradable ezilungele ukugqugquzelwa kunye nolunye unyango lwe-microbial" (i-Australian Standard AS 4736-2006) iqinisekisiwe.

I-ABA iqalise iskimu sayo sokuqinisekisa kwiinkampani ezinqwenela ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kweMigangatho yase-Australia ye-Composting yase-Australia, i-AS 5810-2010, "iiplastiki ze-Biodegradable ezifanelekileyo kwi-composting yasekhaya" (i-Australian Standard AS 5810-2010).

Umbutho usebenza njengendawo yonxibelelwano kumajelo eendaba, urhulumente, imibutho yokusingqongileyo kunye noluntu, kwimiba enxulumene ne-bioplastics.