Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, intetho kwizixhobo ezizinzileyo ifumene amandla angazange ayekho ngaphambili, ngokuthelekisa ukuqonda kweziphumo zendalo ezihambelana neplastiki eziqhelekileyo. Izinto ezixabisekileyo zebhayilowe ziye zavela njenge-thecon yethemba, edibanisa i-ethos ye uqoqosho eziphambili kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezifanelekileyo.
1.fa
I-PolyhydhdroXonalobykanotes (Phaphu) zii-billys ezinobungazekileyo zidityaniswe ziintsholongwane, zihlala ziphantsi kwentsholongwane, phantsi kweemeko ezithile. Ukudityaniswa kwe-hydroxdulic monomers ye-acid, pha ayinakuphikiswa ukuba i-biedegradiance yayo, ukufunyanwa kwakhona kwiswekile yesityalo, kunye neempawu zezinto ezifanayo zexabiso. Izicelo ezisusela ekupakisheni kwizixhobo zezonyango, i-Pha ithembisa enye into ethembisa enye into ethembekileyo yePlastics, i-allibait ejongene nemiceli mngeni eqhubekayo kwimpembelelo yeendleko kunye nemveliso enkulu.
2.P
I-Polylactic Acid (i-Pla) yi-biodegraphic enobungozi nebhayoloji ye-biodestic ethathwe kwizibonelelo ezihlaziyiweyo ezinjengesitatshi sengqolowa okanye iswekile. Yaziwa ngendalo yayo ebonakalayo nesekristali, i-pla ibonisa iipropathi ezihleliweyo ezihleliweyo. Isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya ukupakisha, amabali, kunye nezixhobo ze-biomedical, i-Plaphu ibhiyozelwe ngenxa yokunciphisa ifuthe lokusingqongileyo. Njengenye indlela ezizinzileyo kwiplasitiki yemveli, i-PROIGICS ehlaziyiweyo kwizixhobo ze-eco-gesies kwimizi-mveliso eyahlukeneyo. Inkqubo yokuvelisa i-Polylactic Acid ingena nhlamo kunye nemveliso yi-biodegraded. Ifumana umjikelo wendalo kwaye yindawo eluhlaza ye-polymer.
3.Cellulose
Isellulose, ethathwe kwiindonga zeseli zezityalo, yinto eguquguqukayo eguquguqukayo ikhula ngokuqhubekayo kwishishini lokupakisha. Njengobutyebi obuhlaziyiweyo nobaninzi, i-seluplose ibonelela ngenye indlela ezinzileyo kwizinto eziqhelekileyo zokupakisha. Nokuba ngaba ifunyenwe kwi-Pulp yeWood, umqhaphu, okanye iintsalela zezolimo, iphakheji esekwe kwiselfowuni ibonelela ngeenzuzo ezahlukeneyo. Ifomu ezithile zinokwenziwa ukuba zibonakale, zinegalelo ekunciphisweni kwenkunkuma yendalo esingqongileyo kwindalo yesiqhelo, iindlela ezisekwe kwi-selsulose zihlala zine-carbon yonyawo.
4.ppc
I-Polyprophene Carbonate (PPC) yi-thermoplastic polymer edibanisa iipropathi zePolypropylene kunye ne-polycarbonate. Yinto esekwe kwi-bio esekwe kwaye iyinto enokubeka enye indlela enobuhlobo kwindalo. I-PPC isuselwa kwikharbon dioky kunye ne-propylene oxide, iyenza inketho ehlaziyiweyo nenzileyo.I-PPC yenzelwe ukuba ixabiseke phantsi kwexabiso phantsi kweemeko ezithile, ivumela ukuba ikhuphe amanqaku endalo ngokuhamba kwexesha, igalelo kwifuthe lokusingqongileyo.
5.PPB
I-PolyhydhybyWreletine (PHB) yi-biodegraphid kunye ne-biodes esekwe kwintsapho ye-Polyhydroxas (Phas). I-PHB idityaniswe zii-microorganisms ezahlukeneyo njengezixhobo zokugcina amandla. Kubonakaliswa ngenxa ye-biodegradiation yayo, ukufunyanwa kwemali evuselelekileyo, kunye ne-thermoplastic, ibe ngumgqatswa othembisayo ekufumaneni ezinye iindlela ezizinzileyo kwiPlastiki yendabuko. I-PHB ixabiseke ngokwemvelo, intsingiselo ingaphulwa yintsholongwane kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo, igalelo kwimpembelelo yokusingqongileyo xa idluliselwe kwiplastiki ezingenakwenzeka.
6.Starn
Kwindawo yokupakisha, isitatshi sidlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu njengento ezinzileyo neyezinto ezinokusetyenziswa, ukunika iindlela ezizezinye ezizezinye kwinditha ngendlela eqhelekileyo. Ivela kwimithombo yezityalo, ukupakisha indawo esekwe kwisitatshi kunye nomzamo wehlabathi wokunciphisa ifuthe lendalo esingqongileyo.
7.pbat
I-PBAT yi-biodegrady kunye ne-polystment ye-polymitha yentsapho yabanqabileyo-evuthayo. Izinto eziguquguqukayo zenzelwe ukujongana neenkxalabo zokusingqongileyo ezinxulunyaniswa nePlastiki zendabuko, zibonelela ngenye indlela ezinzileyo. I-PBAT inokufumaneka kwizibonelelo ezihlaziyiweyo, ezinjengeendawo zokulimala ngokwezityalo. Olu hlengahlengiso oluhlaziyiweyo kunye nenjongo yokunciphisa ukuxhomekeka kwimithombo yefosili yefosili. Kwaye yenzelwe i-biodegrade phantsi kweemeko ezithile zokusingqongileyo. I-microorganisms iqhekeza i-polymer ibe yi-byppiles yendalo, igalelo ekunciphiseni kwenkunkuma yeplastiki.
Ukuqaliswa kwezinto ezinokusetyenziswa kwe-biodeade kuphawula utshintsho olubalulekileyo kwiindlela ezizinzileyo kumashishini ahlukeneyo. Ezi zixhobo, zivela kwimithombo ehlaziyiweyo, zinokufa kwendalo ukubola, ukunciphisa ifuthe kwendalo. Imizekelo ebonakalayo ibandakanya i-polyhydhroades (Phandows), iPolylactic Acid (PLA), kunye nePolyproPhene Carbonate (PPC), ukubonelela ngemali ehlaziyiweyo, kunye nokungasebenzi kakuhle. Ukwamkela izixhobo ze-biodegradis kuyahambelana ne-Global Push ezinye iindlela ezizezinye ze-eco kwi plastics, ukulungisa iinkxalabo ezinxulumene nongcoliseko kunye nokupheliswa kwezixhobo. Ezi zixhobo zifumana izicelo ekupakisheni, izibalo kunye nezixhobo zonyango, ezinegalelo kuqoqosho oluphambili apho iimveliso zenziwe ngokuqina kwazo ebomini. Ngaphandle kwemiceli mngeni efana nenkqubo yokusebenza kunye nemveliso enkulu, uphando oluqhubekayo kunye nokuhambela phambili kwetekhnoloji kujolise ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kwezinto eziphilayo ze-biodegrades, ukuthathela ingqalelo ikamva elizinzileyo nelisingqongileyo.
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