Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ugxininiso lwehlabathi lokuzinza luye lwanda kwishishini lokupakisha. Iifilimu zeplastiki zemveli, ezifana ne-PET (i-Polyethylene Terephthalate), kudala zilawula ngenxa yokuqina kwazo kunye nokuguquguquka kwazo. Nangona kunjalo, iinkxalabo malunga nefuthe labo lokusingqongileyo ziqhube umdlaifilimu enokubolaezinye iindlela ezifana neCellophane kunye ne-PLA (i-Polylactic Acid). Eli nqaku libonisa uthelekiso olubanzi phakathi kweefilimu ezinokonakala kunye neefilimu ze-PET zemveli, zijolise ekwenziweni kwazo, ifuthe lokusingqongileyo, ukusebenza kunye neendleko.
Ukuqulunqwa kwezinto eziphathekayo kunye nomthombo
Ifilimu ye-PET yesiNtu
I-PET i-resin yeplastiki eyenziwe nge-polymerization ye-ethylene glycol kunye ne-terephthalic acid, zombini ziphuma kwioli engcolileyo. Njengemathiriyeli ethembele ngokupheleleyo kumafutha efosili angahlaziyekiyo, imveliso yawo ithatha amandla kakhulu kwaye inegalelo elikhulu ekukhutshweni kwekhabhoni yehlabathi.
Ifilimu enokubola
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✅Ifilimu yeCellophane:Ifilimu yeCellophaneyifilim yebhayoloyim eyenziwe kwiselulosi ehlaziyiweyo, ikakhulu ithathwe kwintlama yomthi. Esi sixhobo siveliswa ngokusebenzisa izixhobo ezihlaziyiweyo ezifana nemithi okanye i-bamboo, enegalelo kwiprofayili yayo ezinzileyo. Inkqubo yokuvelisa ibandakanya ukuchithwa kwe-cellulose kwisisombululo se-alkali kunye ne-carbon disulfide ukwenza isisombululo se-viscose. Esi sisombululo sigqithiswa nge-slit encinci kwaye sihlaziywe kwifilimu. Nangona le ndlela iphakathi kwamandla anamandla kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo ibandakanya ukusetyenziswa kweekhemikhali ezinobungozi, iinkqubo ezintsha zokuvelisa ziyaphuhliswa ukunciphisa impembelelo yokusingqongileyo kunye nokuphucula ukuzinza ngokubanzi kwemveliso ye-cellophane.
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✅Ifilimu ye-PLA:Ifilimu ye-PLA(I-Polylactic Acid) yi-biopolymer ye-thermoplastic ephuma kwi-lactic acid, efumaneka kwimithombo evuselelekayo efana nestatshi sombona okanye iswekile. Esi sixhobo samkelwa njengenye indlela ezinzileyo kwiiplastiki zemveli ngenxa yokuxhomekeka kwisondlo sezolimo endaweni yokubasa amafutha efosili. Imveliso ye-PLA ibandakanya ukuvundiswa kweeshukela zezityalo ukuvelisa i-lactic acid, ethi ke ipholiseke ukwenza i-biopolymer. Le nkqubo itya amafutha efosili ngaphantsi kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa nokuveliswa kweplastiki esekwe kwipetroleum, nto leyo eyenza ukuba iPLA ibe yindlela evumelana nokusingqongileyo.
Impembelelo yokusingqongileyo
I-Biodegradability
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I-Cellophane: I-biodegradable ngokupheleleyo kwaye ivundiswe kwiimeko zomgquba wasekhaya okanye kwimizi-mveliso, oko kuthotywa phakathi kweentsuku ezingama-30-90.
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I-PLA: I-Biodegradable phantsi kweemeko zomgquba wamashishini (≥58 ° C kunye nomswakama ophezulu), ngokuqhelekileyo kwiiveki ze-12-24. Ayinakonakala kwindalo yaselwandle okanye yendalo.
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I-PET: Ayinakonakala. Ingaqhubeka nokusingqongileyo iminyaka engama-400-500, inegalelo kungcoliseko lweplastiki yexesha elide.
Imibhalo yenyawo yekhabhoni
- I-Cellophane: Ukukhutshwa komjikelezo wobomi ukusuka kwi-2.5 ukuya kwi-3.5 kg CO₂ ngekhilogram yefilimu, kuxhomekeke kwindlela yokuvelisa.
- I-PLA: Ivelisa malunga ne-1.3 ukuya kwi-1.8 kg CO₂ ngekhilogram yefilimu, ephantsi kakhulu kuneeplastiki zendabuko.
- I-PET: Ukukhutshwa ngokuqhelekileyo ukusuka kwi-2.8 ukuya kwi-4.0 kg CO₂ ngekhilogram yefilimu ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwamafutha e-fossil kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla aphezulu.
Ukurisayikilisha
- I-Cellophane: Iyarisayiklishwa ngokobuchwephesha, kodwa amaxesha amaninzi i-compost ngenxa yokonakaliswa kwayo.
- I-PLA: Iyarisayikilishwa kwizibonelelo ezikhethekileyo, nangona iziseko zophuhliso zehlabathi zokwenyani zilinganiselwe. Uninzi lwePLA luphelela kwiindawo zokulahla inkunkuma okanye ekutshisweni.
- I-PET: Iyarisayikilishwa ngokubanzi kwaye yamkelwe kwiinkqubo ezininzi zikamasipala. Nangona kunjalo, amazinga okuphinda asetyenziswe kwihlabathi jikelele ahlala ephantsi (~ 20-30%), kunye ne-26% kuphela yeebhotile ze-PET ezihlaziywe e-US (2022).
Ukusebenza kunye neePropati
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Ukuba bhetyebhetye kunye nokomelela
I-Cellophane
I-Cellophane ibonisa ukuguquguquka okulungileyo kunye nokumelana nokukrazula okuphakathi, okwenza ukuba ifaneleke ukupakisha izicelo ezifuna ulungelelwaniso oluthambileyo phakathi kokuthembeka kwesakhiwo kunye nokulula ukuvula. Amandla ayo okuqina ngokuqhelekileyo aqala ukusuka100–150 MPa, kuxhomekeke kwinkqubo yokuvelisa kunye nokuba ifakwe kwiipropati eziphuculweyo zomqobo. Ngelixa ingenamandla njenge-PET, ukukwazi kwe-cellophane ukugoba ngaphandle kokuqhekeka kunye nokuziva kwayo kwendalo kuyenza ilungele ukusonga izinto ezikhaphukhaphu kunye nezinto ezibuthathaka njengempahla ebhakiweyo kunye neelekese.
I-PLA (i-Polylactic Acid)
I-PLA ibonelela ngamandla omatshini afanelekileyo, kunye namandla okuqina phakathi50–70 MPa, ethelekiseka naleyo yezinye iiplastiki eziqhelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, yayoukuba brittlenessi-drawback ephambili-phantsi koxinzelelo okanye amaqondo obushushu aphantsi, i-PLA inokuqhekeka okanye idibanise, iyenze ingabi yinto efanelekileyo kwizicelo ezifuna ukuchasana kwempembelelo ephezulu. Izongezo kunye nokudibanisa nezinye iipolymers kunokuphucula ukuqina kwe-PLA, kodwa oku kunokuchaphazela ukuchumisa kwayo.
I-PET (iPolyethylene Terephthalate)
I-PET ithathwa ngokubanzi ngenxa yeempawu zayo ezibalaseleyo. Inika amandla okuqina aphezulu-ukususela ukusuka50 ukuba 150 MPa, kuxhomekeke kwimiba efana nebakala, ubukhulu, kunye neendlela zokusetyenzwa (umzekelo, ukuqhelaniswa ne-biaxial). Indibaniselwano ye-PET yokuguquguquka, ukuqina, kunye nokuchasana nokugqobhoza kunye nokukrazula kuyenza ibe yeyona nto ikhethwayo kwiibhotile zesiselo, iitreyi, kunye nokupakishwa kokusebenza okuphezulu. Isebenza kakuhle kuluhlu olubanzi lweqondo lokushisa, igcina ingqibelelo phantsi koxinzelelo kunye nexesha lokuthutha.
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Iipropati zoMthintelo
I-Cellophane
I-Cellophane unayoiimpawu zomqobo ophakathingokuchasene neegesi kunye nokufuma. Yaloizinga lokuhanjiswa kweoksijini (OTR)ngokwesiqhelo iqala ukusuka500 ukuya kwi-1200 cm³/m²/ngosuku, eyaneleyo kwiimveliso zeshelufu ezimfutshane ezifana nemveliso entsha okanye izinto ezibhakiweyo. Xa ifakwe (umzekelo, nge-PVDC okanye i-nitrocellulose), umqobo wayo wokusebenza uphucula kakhulu. Ngaphandle kokuba ingeneka ngakumbi kune-PET okanye i-PLA, ukuphefumla kwendalo kwe-cellophane kunokuba luncedo kwiimveliso ezifuna utshintshiselwano lokufuma.
I-PLA
Iifilimu ze-PLA zibonelelangcono ukumelana nokufuma kunecellophanekodwa babeukuphakama kweoksijinikune-PET. I-OTR yayo ngokubanzi iwela phakathi100–200 cm³/m²/ngosuku, kuxhomekeke kubukhulu befilimu kunye ne-crystallinity. Nangona ingafanelekanga kwizicelo ze-oksijeni (ezifana neziselo ze-carbonated), i-PLA yenza kakuhle ukupakisha iziqhamo ezitsha, imifuno kunye nokutya okomileyo. Uqulunqo olutsha lwePLA oluphuculweyo lwezithintelo luyaphuhliswa ukuphucula ukusebenza kwezicelo ezifuna kakhulu.
I-PET
I-PET ihambisaiimpawu eziphezulu zomqobongaphaya kwebhodi. Nge-OTR ephantsi njenge1–15 cm³/m²/ngosuku, isebenza ngokukhethekileyo ekuthinteleni ioksijini kunye nokufuma, iyenza ilungele ukutya kunye nokupakishwa kwesiselo apho ubomi beshelufu buyimfuneko. Izakhono zokuthintelwa kwe-PET zikwanceda ukugcina incasa yemveliso, i-carbonation, kunye nokutsha, yiyo loo nto ilawula icandelo lesiselo sebhotile.
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Ukungafihli
Zontathu izixhobo—I-Cellophane, i-PLA, kunye ne-PET—unikezeloukucaca okubalaseleyo kwamehlo, ukwenza ukuba zilungele iimveliso zokupakisha aphoumboniso obonakalayoibalulekile.
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I-Cellophaneinenkangeleko ekhazimlayo kunye nemvakalelo yendalo, ehlala iphucula imbono yegcisa okanye iimveliso ezilungele indalo.
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I-PLAlucace kakhulu kwaye lubonelela ngokugudiswa, ukugqibezela okumenyezelayo, okufana ne-PET, enomtsalane kwiimpawu ezixabisa umboniso ococekileyo obonakalayo kunye nokuzinza.
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I-PETIhlala iluphawu lweshishini lokucaca, ngakumbi kwizicelo ezifana neebhotile zamanzi kunye nezikhongozeli zokutya ezicacileyo, apho ukucaca okuphezulu kubalulekile ukubonisa umgangatho wemveliso.
Izicelo eziSebenzayo
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Ukupakishwa kokutya
I-Cellophane: Ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziselwa imveliso entsha, izinto zokubhaka izipho, ezifanaiingxowa zesipho ze-cellophane, kunye ne-confectionery ngenxa yokuphefumla kunye ne-biodegradability.
I-PLA: Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwizikhongozeli ze-clamshell, ukuvelisa iifilimu, kunye nokupakishwa kobisi ngenxa yokucaca kwayo kunye nokuvundisa, njenge.Ifilimu yokutya ye-PLA.
I-PET: Umgangatho woshishino lweebhotile zesiselo, iitreyi zokutya ezikhenkcezisiweyo, kunye nezikhongozeli ezahlukeneyo, ezixatyiswe ngamandla awo kunye nomsebenzi wokuthintelwa.
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Ukusetyenziswa kwemizi-mveliso
I-Cellophane: Ifunyenwe kwizicelo ezikhethekileyo ezifana nokusonga icuba, ukupakishwa kwamadyungudyungu amayeza, kunye nokusongwa kwesipho.
I-PLA: Isetyenziselwa ukupakishwa kwezonyango, iifilimu zezolimo, kunye nokunyuka kwi-3D yokushicilela iifayili.
I-PET: Ukusetyenziswa kakhulu kwipakethe yempahla yabathengi, iinxalenye zemoto, kunye ne-elektroniki ngenxa yamandla ayo kunye nokuxhathisa imichiza.
Ukukhetha phakathi kwezinto ezinokuguquguquka njenge-Cellophane kunye ne-PLA okanye iifilimu ze-PET zemveli zixhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi ezibandakanya izinto eziphambili zendalo, iimfuno zokusebenza, kunye nemiqobo yohlahlo lwabiwo-mali. Ngelixa i-PET ihleli ilawula ngenxa yexabiso eliphantsi kunye neepropathi ezigqwesileyo, umthwalo wokusingqongileyo kunye neemvakalelo zabathengi ziqhuba utshintsho kwiifilimu ezinokonakala. I-Cellophane kunye ne-PLA zibonelela ngezibonelelo ezibalulekileyo ze-ikholoji kwaye zinokuphucula i-brand image, ngakumbi kwiimarike eziqaphela i-eco-conscious. Kwiinkampani ezijonge ukuhlala phambili kwiindlela zozinzo, utyalo-mali kwezi ndlela zinokuthi zibe yintshukumo enoxanduva neyobuchule.
Iimveliso ezinxulumeneyo
Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-03-2025